Nowadays, it is common to hear that agriculture has a large share in the emissions responsible for climate change. However, looking at sectorial GHGs evolution, we see that the emissions of the Agriculture sector have not increased significantly. In fact, between 1994 and 2014, global agricultural emissions grew 16% (measured in MtCO2eq.), while emissions from Land-Use Change and Forestry (LUCF) fell 18% during the same period. On the other hand, emissions from Industrial Processes, Bunker Fuels and Energy grew 152%, 63% and 53%, respectively, so that the relative share of Agriculture and LUCF in total GHG emissions dropped in recent years (UNFCCC, 2018).

Even more, looking at shorter periods (2010-2014), we see that while the Agricultural sector continued to exhibit a downward trend in emissions (from an annual growth rate of 0.8% in 2000-2014 to 0.6% a year between 2010 and 2014). But, the Land-Use Change sector reversed its downward trend and increased its emissions once more by 1.06% per annum during that period, which calls for a greater focus on the subject (UNFCCC, 2018).

This clearly does not mean ignoring the impact of agriculture on climate change and it is necessary to continue making efforts to mitigate the emission of GHG in the agriculture sector. In fact, although MERCOSUR only provides the accounts for 4.1% of total global emissions (including LUCF), additional efforts are required to implement effective mitigation and adaptation measures. In fact, the countries of the region have made substantial progress in terms of mitigation, incorporating technologies, promoting modernizations in the legislation (land use, rural cadastro, ABC Program, good agricultural practices, etc.) and commercial (neutral carbon standards, green bonds, etc.).